When complying with an ATC instruction, what remains the pilot's responsibility?

When complying with an ATC instruction, traffic avoidance remains the pilot's responsibility because air traffic control provides instructions based on current traffic situations and the collective safety of all aircraft. However, it is the pilot's duty to ensure that they operate their aircraft safely in regard to other potentially conflicting traffic. This includes maintaining visual and situational awareness to avoid collisions, even when following ATC commands.

While fuel management, flight path accuracy, and weather assessment are also crucial for safe flight operations, these responsibilities do not change when ATC provides instructions. For instance, ATC will provide guidance for flight path, but it is up to the pilot to manage fuel appropriately throughout the flight. Weather assessment is also vital, and pilots must continually evaluate current conditions to ensure safe flying, independent of any ATC instructions.