How can pilots prevent being affected by wake turbulence?

Maintaining a safe distance from the preceding aircraft is crucial in preventing the effects of wake turbulence. Wake turbulence is the disturbance in the air caused by the passage of an aircraft, primarily generated by the wings. This turbulence can affect following aircraft, particularly smaller ones, which are more susceptible to the effects of the downdrafts and vortexes created by larger aircraft.

By keeping a greater distance from the aircraft ahead, pilots can minimize the risk of encountering these turbulent conditions. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and other aviation authorities provide guidelines for safe separation distances based on the size and weight of aircraft to account for wake turbulence.

The other options, while they may seem like reasonable responses, do not directly address the root cause of wake turbulence. Climbing to a higher altitude, flying at a lower speed, or descending without delay may not necessarily keep an aircraft clear of turbulence from a preceding aircraft and can lead to other safety concerns. Therefore, maintaining a safe distance remains the most effective preventive measure against wake turbulence.